Malaria researchers have recently found that keeping a chicken by bedsides, could help keep away mosquito bites that spread malaria.
According to the research, the malaria-carrying mosquitoes (anopheles mosquito) are put off by the smell of certain species, including chicken.
This is because – as the scientists discovered – chickens have a volatile chemical component that repels mosquitoes. In the study conducted in Ethiopia and published last week, the team of scientists from Addis Ababa University and Swedish University found that malarial mosquitoes tend to avoid homesteads that have chickens and other birds.
Titled Chicken Volatiles Repel Host-Seeking Malaria Mosquitoes, the researchers tested the insects to find out what type of blood they fed on.
From their findings, they noted that malaria causing mosquitoes, known as Anopheles arabiensis, showed a taste for human blood over that of animals when feeding indoors.
However, the insects randomly fed on cattle, goats and sheep, but always steered clear of chickens when outdoors.
“The mosquitoes avoided traps placed next to cages containing live chickens and those baited with compounds from chicken feathers,” reads an excerpt from the malaria journal. The experiments, conducted in western Ethiopia, included suspending a live chicken in a cage near a volunteer sleeping under a bed net.
Researchers discovered that the use of the chicken and the compounds extracted from their feathers “significantly reduced” the number of mosquitoes that were found in the trap nearby.
Last year, malaria killed nearly 400,000 people in Africa, the World Health Organisation (WHO) says.
Although the infection and death rates have declined over the years, health officials and researchers continue to look for new ways to cut the spread of the disease at a time when resistance to available insecticides is being reported.
Professor Rickard Ignell, from the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, said “We were surprised to find that malaria mosquitoes are repelled by the odours emitted by chickens.”
“This study shows for the first time that malaria mosquitoes actively avoid feeding on certain animal species and that this behaviour is regulated through odour cues.”
Dr Ignell added that “There is a need to develop novel control methods. In our study, we have been able to identify a number of natural odour compounds which could repel host-seeking malaria mosquitoes and prevent them from getting in contact with people.”
Although he acknowledged that the findings are fundamental to the fight against malaria, Dr Andrew Githeko, a chief researcher at the Kenya Medical Research Institute warned that people should not have chicken in their bedrooms because they are unhygienic.
According to Dr Githeko, the chemical produced by the chicken which repulsed the mosquito has the potential to evaporate quickly (volatile) thus can be detected through smell.
Source: Daily Nation
