Zimbabwe has consistently demonstrated a forward-looking approach to its mineral resources, aiming to maximise the benefits for its economy and communities. A notable example of this strategy is the country’s plan to prohibit the export of lithium concentrates starting from 2027. Announced by Mines Minister Winston Chitando, this policy underscores Zimbabwe’s commitment to developing a resilient and integrated lithium processing industry that adds value locally.
A Sustainable Approach to Mineral Resources
Zimbabwe’s move to restrict the export of lithium concentrates reflects a broader philosophy of resource-driven development. Building on earlier measures, such as the 2022 ban on raw lithium ore exports, the country is positioning itself to move beyond merely exporting raw minerals. Instead, Zimbabwe seeks to establish a comprehensive industry that captures greater economic benefits through downstream processing and value addition.
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Minister Chitando emphasised the country’s investment in local processing capacity, stating, “Because of that capacity which is now in the country, the export of all lithium concentrates will be banned from January 2027.” This signals a strategic shift towards transforming Zimbabwe’s abundant lithium resources into intermediate and finished products within its borders.
Developing Local Processing Infrastructure
Zimbabwe is actively developing key lithium processing facilities that will be pillars of its domestic industry. Among these are two major lithium sulphate processing plants, one at Bikita Minerals operated by China’s Sinomine Resource Group, and another at Prospect Lithium Zimbabwe owned by Zhejiang Huayou Cobalt. These facilities will produce lithium sulphate, an essential intermediate that can be refined further into battery-grade lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate—materials vital for manufacturing batteries used in electric vehicles and renewable energy systems.
Establishing these plants signifies Zimbabwe’s strategic move to build processing capabilities locally, reducing reliance on exporting raw concentrates primarily sent to China for refining. This approach aims to foster a more self-sufficient and competitive lithium sector.
Zimbabwe’s Growing Role in the Global Lithium Market
As Africa’s leading lithium producer, Zimbabwe has become an increasingly important player in the global supply chain for this critical mineral. The country’s lithium resources are especially valuable as the world accelerates its transition to electric mobility and renewable energy solutions. Zimbabwe’s lithium sector gained international prominence during the surge in prices in 2021 and 2022, driven by rising demand from the electric vehicle industry.
Despite fluctuations in market prices—down nearly 90% from their peak—investors, particularly in China, remain committed to Zimbabwe’s lithium potential. Chinese companies such as Sinomine, Huayou Cobalt, Chengxin Lithium Group, Yahua Group, and Canmax Technologies have collectively invested over $1 billion in mining and processing projects since 2021. These investments include acquisitions, new project development, and the construction of processing plants, highlighting Zimbabwe’s strategic importance in global battery supply chains.
Regional and Global Perspectives
While Zimbabwe leads Africa in lithium production, other nations on the continent, including Namibia, Mali, Ghana, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, are exploring their lithium mining opportunities. Though these initiatives are still developing, they reflect a regional recognition of lithium’s significance in the global energy landscape.
Zimbabwe’s focus on adding value locally through processing and beneficiation aligns with a broader vision of sustainable resource development. By fostering an integrated industry, Zimbabwe aims to create jobs, develop technical skills, and contribute to regional economic growth.
Looking Ahead
Zimbabwe’s plan to ban lithium concentrate exports from 2027 exemplifies a long-term approach to resource management—one that emphasises sustainable development, industrial growth, and economic diversification. Through ongoing investments and strategic infrastructure development, the country is positioning itself as a key player in the global lithium market.
As the world continues to shift toward cleaner energy and electric transportation, Zimbabwe’s lithium industry is poised to play an influential role in shaping the future of sustainable technology. The country’s commitment to beneficiation and value addition underscores its dedication to turning natural resources into long-lasting economic assets for its people.
